Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. Lactase is produced in the small intestine and acts on lactose, cleaving it into simpler sugars, glucose and galactose, that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used as a source of energy.

In some people, the production of lactase decreases with age, resulting in lactose intolerance. This condition occurs when the small intestine is unable to produce enough lactase to fully break down lactose, leading to symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea after consuming dairy products.

Lactase supplements are available for individuals with lactose intolerance, and can be taken before consuming dairy products to help break down lactose and prevent symptoms. Additionally, many dairy products are now available in lactose-free or low-lactose forms, allowing people with lactose intolerance to still enjoy dairy products in their diet.